Comminuting device



1963 K. GABLER ET AL 3,412,946

COMMINUTING DEVICE Filed May 27, .965 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q FEGJO.

INVENTOR Karl Gubler 8! F g G 9 Matthias Schmitz ATTORNEYS Nov. 26, 1968 K. GABLER ET AL COMMINUTING DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 27. 1965 FIG. i2.

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mvsmon Karl Gobler 8 Matthias Schmitz g 24?:

A'ITORNEYS FIG. 56.

Nov. 26, 1968 K. GABLER ET AL 3,412,946

COMMINUTING DEVICE Filed May 27, 1965 S'Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG. l8.

FIG.I9. FIG.20.

INVENTORS Karl Gobler 8 Matthias Sch mitz.

BY W

ATTORNEYS United States Patent "ice ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In a comminuting device, a plurality of hollow working elements are disposed on a carrier body, with the working elements extending through the carrier body and forming passageways therethrough. Each of the working elements has at least one working surface which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the respective working element.

The present invention relates to a device for comminuting shredding, or otherwise similarly treating material, particularly material used for manufacturing paper or cardboard.

More particularly, the present invention relates to such a device in which one or more comminuting elements which may be hollow or solid, are arranged on a carrier body; these elements have cutting edges which act on the goods to be comminuted.

Conventionally, paper masses and other fibrous material is disintegrated and ground by means of suitable long knifeblades, which form a comminuting element. The term comminuting as used herein, is generic to the other operations referred to, such as shredding, cutting, squeezing, pinching, deforming, etc. These knifeblades are in some cases mounted on a carrier body with which they are integrally formed, of a single piece of material; in other cases, individual knifeblades are joined by means of filler elements which may be made of the same or of diiferent material than the blades, to form a comminuting element.

In both of the above types of element, the knifeblades, which are provided with long cutting surfaces, must of necessity be made of high quality and therefore expensive material. In the first type of comminuting element, when the knifeblades are worn, the entire element (that is to say, the carrier body and the integrally-formed individual blades) has to be discarded, resulting in an undesired consumption and waste of material. The other type of element (in which the individual blades are mounted on a separate filler element) has the drawback that the manufacture and assembly of such devices is difficult and expensive.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a comminuting element which overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a comminuting device wherein the working elements are detachably mounted on a carrier body, so that different working elements may be interchanged to meet different operating conditions.

In order to achieve these objects, as well as others, the present invention provides a plurality of working elements mounted on a common carrier body and extending therefrom, the working elements having working surfaces passing through their respective axes.

3,412,946 Patented Nov. 26, 1968 Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a plan view of a carrier body carrying nondetachably connected tubular working elements.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of the structure of FIG- URE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a sectional view showing a carrier body into which tubular working elements are welded.

FIGURE 4 is a sectional view showing a carrier body into which working elements are screwed.

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view showing a carrier body together with working elements which are secured thereto by attaching means.

FIGURES 6 and 7 are plan views of carrier bodies with tubular working elements having polygonal profiles.

FIGURE 8 is a plan view showing a carrier body with working elements in the form of flattened tubes.

FIGURE 9 is a plan view of a carrier body-having solid cylindrical working elements.

FIGURE 10 is a sectional view showing a carrier body provided with solid cylindrical working elements, which are secured to the carrier by attaching means.

FIGURE 11 is a plan view of a carrier body with wedge-shaped working elements.

FIGURE 12 is a plan view of a carrier body with semicircular working elements.

FIGURE 13 is a plan view of a carrier body with elongated working elements.

FIGURE 14 is a sectional view of a tubular carrier body having working elements arranged at its outer surface.

FIGURE 15 is a sectional view of a tubular carrier body provided with working elements arranged on its inner surface.

FIGURE 16 is a sectional view of a flat carrier body which has working elements arranged on both sides.

FIGURES 17 through 20 are perspective views illustrating still other shapes which the working elements may have.

Referring now to the drawings, the figures show a carrier body 1, which may have any convenient configuration, and which may be made of metal, plastic, ceramic, or other suitable material. Attached to the carrier body are suitably shaped working elements 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11, which extend therefrom, and which have working surfaces passing through their respective axes.

Working elements 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11, shown respectively in FIGURES 1, 6 through 8, and 11 through 13, are hollow shell-like bodies, all of which have working surfaces constituted by the fiat edge of the working element furthest from the carrier body. All of these working surfaces act on the material to be comminuted.

Working element 7, shown in FIGURE 9, illustrates a working element provided with a flat working surface.

According to one embodiment of the invention, illustrated in FIGURE 2, the working elements 2 are permanently set in carrier body 1, such as by welding or by means of some adhesive. Alternatively, the working elements can be cast with the carrier body as a single unit.

FIGURE 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention wherein the working elements 12 are removably connected to a carrier body 1 by means of screw threads, so that the working elements may be interchanged on a single carrier body to provide different comminuting effects.

In the embodiment shown in FIGURE 3, working elements 2 are set into a carrier body 1 so that they extend through the other side of the carrier body, and an adhesive 14, such as putty, is placed around the extending portion to permanently fix each working element in the carrier body. According to the embodiment of FIGURE 5, a collar 3 is placed around each working element 2, which collar may contain holes through which screws or other fasteners may be placed to secure the working element to the carrier body.

According to the embodiment illustrated in FIGURE 10, a solid working element 7 is mounted on a carrier body 1 by means of a screw 8 which passes through an untapped hole in the carrier body 1 and is engageably received by threads in the working element 7.

In the embodiments shown in FIGURES 14 and 15, the carrier element is in the form of a cylinder having at least one flat end face, and the working elements are mounted in this end face. As shown in FIGURE 14, the Working elements extend outwardly of the cylinder; those in the embodiment of FIGURE 15 extend inwardly into the cylinder, so that the cylinder walls may also serve to contain the goods being comminuted.

The embodiment shown in FIGURE 16 illustrates a carrier body on which working elements are mounted, which working elements may extend to either or to both sides of the carrier body.

The comminuting element thus formed, according to any of the embodiments of the invention, may itself be moved with respect to the material to be comminuted, such as by rotation, or it may be mounted in a stationary manner, and means provided for moving the material past and against the element. The carrier body may, as previously mentioned, have any suitable shape; it may be, for example, spherical, conical, rectangular or disc-like.

By using shell-like working elements, a narrow working surface is formed which is a closed planar ring. This narrow working surface has two edges, an inside edge and an outside edge, so that whichever direction the working element is moved in, there are two edges (one inside and one outside edge) acting on the material to be comminuted. Where the working surfaces do not form closed configurations, such as in the embodiments shown in FIG- URES 11, 12, and 13, by arranging the working elements so that all their cutting edges are disposed parallel to one another, a preferential direction of cutting is determined, along which the total effective cutting edge is maximized.

The feature of the invention whereby the working elements are detachably mounted on a carrier body allows a single device to be used on various materials under different conditions, by merely replacing, or interchanging, the working elements. By this means, the relationship between the total effective working surface, and the total effective cutting edge may be varied, for instance by replacing elements having narrow working surfaces with those having wider ones. In addition, it is possible to add or remove working elements to change the total number, on a given carrier body, thus allowing optimum efliciency of operation.

FIGURES 17 through illustrate several further advantageous shapes which the working elements may have.

In FIGURE 17, a working element 15 is shown which has a planar working surface 16. The plane of surface 16 is disposed at an angle to the axis of the element. In the embodiment shown in FIGURE 18, a working element 17 has a concave working surface 18, with respect to which the axis of the element is normal. FIGURE 19 illustrates a working element 19; ridges, or steps, are provided on the working surface 20 of element 19. The working element 21 shown in FIGURE 20 is longitudinally concave, and has a planar working surface 22. The various features illustrated by these or any other of the working elements shown may be combined in any number of ways.

It will be understood that the above description of the present invention is susceptible to various modifications, changes and adaptations, and the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A comminuting device comprising, in combination: means forming a carrier body; and a plurality of means forming working elements disposed on said carrier body and extending therefrom, said working elements being hollow and having working surfaces which are transverse to the longitudinal axes of the respective working elements, and said hollow working elements extending through said carrier body and forming passageways therethrough.

2. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein each of said working surfaces is bounded at the outside edge by the periphery of the working element and at the inside edge by a cut along the axis of the working element.

3. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said working elements are of different shapes.

4. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said working elements are remo'vably mounted on the carrier body.

5. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said working elements are permanently fastened to the carrier body.

6. A device as defined in claim 5, wherein said working elements are at least partially made of the same material as the carrier body.

7. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said edges extend parallel to each other.

8. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the working surface of each working element is flat.

9. A device as defined in claim 1 including means for mounting each working element on the carrier body.

10. A device as defined in claim 9, wherein said mounting means is a collar disposed on said working element, said collar having a surface contiguous with the surface of the carrier element, which surface is provided with holes through which fastening means may be passed.

11. A device as defined in claim 10', wherein the outer periphery of each working element is provided with threads, and the carrier body is provided with a plurality of tapped holes, each for receiving a threaded working element, said tapped holes and said threads constituting said mounting means.

12. A device as defined in claim 10, wherein said carrier body is provided with a plurality of holes, each for receiving a working element, each element extending through the carrier body and past the side thereof opposite the working plane, and adhesive means placed around the extending portion of each working element, and contacting the element and the carrier body to fasten the former to the latter.

13. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein said carrier body is a cylinder having at least one end face, and wherein said working elements are mounted in said end face.

14. A device as defined in claim 13, wherein said working elements extend outwardly of said cylinder.

15. A device as defined in claim 13, wherein said working elements extend from said end face inwardly of said cylinder.

16. A device as defined in claim 1, including a further plurality of working element means extending from said carrier body in the direction opposite from said plurality of working element means, said further elements having working surfaces which are transverse to the respective axes of the further working elements.

17. A device as defined in claim 16, further including a third plurality of working elements, each extending from said carrier body in the directions of both said working element means and said further working element means, and each having two working surfaces, one on each side of the carrier body, transverse to the axis of a respective working element.

18. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said cutting edges extend parallel to each other.

19. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said cutting edges are skew with respect to one another.

20. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said working surfaces lie in respective planes disposed at angles to the respective axes.

21. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said working surfaces are concave.

22. A device as defined in claim 2, where in each working surface has steps in it.

23. A device as defined in claim 2 wherein each working element is longitudinally concave.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Stephens 241-294 Edison 241294 Morlan 255-346 Cody 241-294 X Pfeiffer 241294 X Johnson 241-294 GERALD A. DOST, Primary Examiner. 

